The Xilinx Zynq-7000 All Programmable SoC (AP SoC) is a powerful solution that combines the flexibility of an ARM processor with the adaptability of FPGA technology. This integration allows for advanced data analysis and hardware acceleration, while also combining CPU, DSP, ASSP, and mixed-signal functions into one device. The Zynq-7000 features a dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 processor paired with programmable logic based on Artix-7 or Kintex-7, delivering an impressive performance-to-power ratio and maximum design flexibility. Its communication bus between the CPU and FPGA ensures faster data transfer and a simpler architecture, making it ideal for high-performance applications.
In short, the Zynq-7000 helps reduce both cost and complexity without compromising performance. To illustrate this, let’s take a look at how it’s used in the SIGLENT SDS1000X-E series oscilloscope.
The SDS1000X-E (XC) model uses the XC7Z020 SoC, which includes a dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 processor (PS) and an Artix-7-based FPGA (PL). The PS can run up to 866MHz, while the PL offers 85k logic cells, 4.9Mb of block RAM, and 220 DSP slices. It supports common external memories like DDR2/DDR3, making it well-suited for data acquisition, storage, and digital signal processing in oscilloscopes. The AXI high-speed bus connects the PS and PL, solving the traditional bandwidth bottleneck between CPU and FPGA, reducing dead time, and increasing waveform capture rates.
Replacing a traditional CPU+FPGA setup with a single SoC reduces board space and enables more compact designs. The ADC used in the SDS1000X-E operates at 1 Gbps per LVDS pair, and the Zynq-7000 supports up to 1.25 Gbps, ensuring stable data reception. With 1GByte/s data output from the ADC, the Zynq-7000’s DDR3 support (up to 1066MT/s) meets real-time storage needs. Additionally, the PL can share memory with the PS, eliminating the need for external memory in the PL portion and cutting costs.
The Zynq-7000’s rich programmable logic resources allow the SDS1000X-E to integrate a high-precision, low-jitter digital trigger system, improving accuracy and enabling advanced triggers like slope, pulse width, video, timeout, and pattern. It even supports protocol-based triggers, such as I2C start bits or UART data, simplifying debugging.
Traditional oscilloscopes face bottlenecks due to slow parallel buses, limiting throughput and increasing dead time. For example, a 1GSa/s oscilloscope may have a dead time of over 93% due to slow data transfer. In contrast, the Zynq-7000’s AXI high-speed bus provides full-duplex communication with four HP ports, each capable of 1GB/s, resulting in total throughput exceeding 8GB/s. This dramatically improves data transfer and reduces dead time.
The SDS1000X-E also benefits from the Zynq-7000’s powerful digital signal processing capabilities. It supports FFTs up to 1M points, enhanced resolution, and full sampling point decoding. The ARM Cortex-A9 handles complex software tasks, while the FPGA accelerates operations like FFT and interpolation filtering. This collaboration allows for high-resolution spectral analysis and accurate signal measurements.
For instance, when analyzing a two-tone signal at 100MHz and 100.05MHz, a 16k-point FFT fails to distinguish the signals, but a 1M-point FFT clearly separates them, showing the power of the Zynq-based architecture. Similarly, the SDS1000X-E maintains high measurement accuracy even at large time bases, unlike many mid-range oscilloscopes that compress data and lose detail.
With a memory depth of up to 14M points, the SDS1000X-E allows users to view the entire signal while still performing detailed analysis. The Zynq-7000’s architecture ensures optimal performance, real-time processing, and flexibility, making the SDS1000X-E a standout in the entry-level market. It brings high-end features to affordable devices, proving that the Zynq-7000 is not just a cost-effective solution, but a performance booster as well.
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