Mobile base station computer room GPRS power wireless remote meter reading energy consumption comprehensive management monitoring system
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The electricity management of mobile communication base stations has been generally not paid much attention, and the settlement of electricity charges mainly relies on workers' meter reading and direct billing by the power bureau, but in fact the cost of base station electricity and related expenses have become a very important cost for the company Expenditure, the annual cost increases year by year. Due to the wide distribution of base stations, the diversification of power supply sources and the diversity of power consumption sites, plus the daily management basis for power cost is based on the actual settlement of the electricity consumption of the meter, the electricity meter on the site is the only basis for the settlement of electricity charges However, its authenticity, accuracy, real-time performance, reliability and many problems in power management lack effective and scientific means to supervise it, which brings great difficulty to power management.
Mobile companies to strengthen the management of base station electricity consumption, to achieve energy saving and fee reduction will become a very important management in the future. In addition to establishing a dedicated and reliable management team, it mainly relies on scientific and technical means to implement a comprehensive power management system for remote data collection, copying and monitoring of electricity meters. Through the scientific analysis and classification of the data in the system, corresponding management reports are formed, and corresponding management systems are formulated to achieve the purpose of energy saving and fee reduction.
Current base station power monitoring situation:
The number of cellular network base stations of mobile communication companies is large, the distribution is wide, the installation locations are scattered and the situation is complicated. Most of the base stations are rented residential houses. Some electric meters are installed by power grid companies. Some electric meters are installed by owners. There are many types of electric meters, including inductive electric meters, electronic electric meters, and IC card electric meters. Due to the wide range of points and the complicated situation, the mobile company needs to send someone to read the meter and check it frequently. The following problems are particularly prominent when using manual meter reading monitoring:
1. Unable to know in time when there is a power failure. Three-phase power supply is used in the base station. Sometimes there are various power failures such as phase loss, three-phase unbalance, voltage deviation exceeding the standard, and even power outage. The occurrence of these faults will seriously affect the normal operation of the equipment in the base station. If the repairs cannot be found in time, the base station equipment may be shut down, causing communication failures or even damage the equipment, resulting in serious losses. The above-mentioned faults cannot be found in time by manual monitoring.
2. Distortion of electricity charges of non-electricity-powered base stations. Except for electricity-powered base stations, a large part of the base stations are powered by rented houses. Due to site constraints, many meters cannot be installed. There are many opportunities for electricity. Since there is no advanced technical means to supervise and manage this behavior, the existing management means alone, even if someone changes the meter or steals electricity, our staff cannot know.
3. The statistical management of artificial power generation time is chaotic. In the past, the number of conventional power consumption of each base station, the duration of artificial power generation of the base station's sudden power outage, and electricity charges are all counted manually. The biggest disadvantages are that the method is backward and the statistical randomness is large. The data is not accurate. With the introduction of the base station generation maintenance method, the data such as the number of power generation from the generation maintenance unit to the base station, the start time of power generation, the total duration of artificial power generation, and the road toll paid to the generation maintenance unit, manual generation cost and other data cannot be verified, resulting in great waste.
4. Privately connect the base station power to steal electricity. Now all the computer rooms are unattended, which is just an opportunity for electricity stealers. In addition, most people lack awareness of the seriousness of electricity theft, and believe that electricity theft is not an illegal crime. Moving rich money does not care about this small amount of money. In addition, the electricity stealing methods of the electricity stealers are generally relatively clever, and it is difficult to catch the electricity stealers without using technical means. The phenomenon of stealing electricity by means of privately connected wires is quite common. Such problems can not truly reflect the actual electricity consumption of the base station.
5. When the balance of the IC card electricity meter is zero, it will cause a long-term power failure. Many of the electricity meters installed by the Electricity Industry Bureau are IC card electricity meters. These electricity meters will automatically power off when the balance in the card is used up. Because the base station is unattended for a long time, manual meter reading monitoring cannot be monitored every day. The prompt for insufficient IC card meter balance cannot be known in time. The backup power supply of the base station is only enough for 4 hours. If it is not found in time, power outages often occur. Not only that, if the spare battery pack is exhausted excessively, it will cause permanent damage to the battery pack and pose a serious threat to the normal operation of the base station.
6. There is no systematic statistical data on the power consumption of the base station. Since the manual meter reading time is not fixed and daily meter reading cannot be performed, it is difficult to establish system power consumption statistics. This is very inconvenient for mobile companies to take measures to save electricity in base stations and systematically arrange for recharge of IC cards. The staff was exhausted.
7. Low efficiency, bad effect, and high labor intensity. Because the distribution of base stations is particularly scattered and not concentrated, and they are all on the top floor of the building, especially in the suburbs, the efficiency of meter reading is extremely low. An average meter reader can only copy 15 tables per day, and each meter reader can only copy 330 tables in 22 days per month. More than 4,000 base stations require at least 15 meter readers. Under normal circumstances, it is impossible for the monitoring staff to work at full capacity, so at least 20 to 25 staff are required.
Even so, each base station can only be checked once a month, and cannot respond to sudden power supply abnormalities. In addition to the meter reading, the meter reader is also responsible for checking whether the IC card meter has insufficient balance, IC card recharge, whether there is electricity stealing, whether the power supply is abnormal, and so on. Some of these tasks are very technical and cannot be done by ordinary meter readers. Because he has to go upstairs, downstairs, and run every day, the labor intensity is quite large. Especially in the high temperature in summer, this kind of work is quite hard.
8. The backward power management methods lead to an increase in the management costs of non-main business operations. Because there is no effective scientific management method, which mainly relies on manual data collection, the mobile company must invest a lot of personnel to check and settle the electricity charges of the base station city power supply unit or individual . Reconciliation of power disputes, which increases excessive human resources and management costs in non-main business.
9. It is very necessary to invest in the construction of a remote power supply monitoring system. At the present stage, the above-mentioned problems existed in the company. If we do not take timely measures to increase the use of new technology to implement remote power monitoring and change the management model to solve, the losses caused are long-term. Investing in a comprehensive management system for energy-saving and fee-reduction in a newly built computer room, changing the existing power management model, and solving the above-mentioned problems in a timely manner, the economic benefits brought by it are long-term, sustainable, and very necessary.
Necessity and possibility of installing remote power supply monitoring system
1. Necessity In summary, it is very necessary to install a fully automatic remote power supply monitoring system to carry out automatic real-time monitoring of the power supply of each base station. Solve the following two main problems:
1) Alarm problems in the case of abnormal power supply that cannot be solved by manual monitoring. The power failure must be reported in time, so that the power supply failure can be repaired in time to improve the management level.
2) The problem of saving operating costs â‘ Use advanced technology to reduce manpower, improve labor productivity, and save manpower and vehicle costs;
â‘¡ Reasonably arrange the start and stop of the air conditioner and the temperature setting;
â‘¢ Arrange the IC card recharge time and amount reasonably;
â‘£ Timely discovery of electricity stealing behavior to reduce abnormal expenditure;
⑤ Reconcile with the Electricity Bureau to avoid the extra expenses caused by the meter reading errors of the Electricity Bureau.
â‘¥ Reconciliation with Daiwei Company effectively avoids the false reporting of power generation time and frequency by Daiwei staff.
2. Possibilities Mobile companies must establish a fully automatic base station power supply monitoring system based on reliable and stable technology, and now there are reliable products and integrated technologies that can fully achieve the above functions.
The remote automatic base station power supply monitoring system adopts a system composed of many high-tech technologies such as electric energy electronic measurement technology, remote wireless data transmission technology, field data processing control technology, software technology, system integration technology and so on. Below is a brief description of these technologies and products. In order to prove that although these technologies are high and new technologies, they are all mature technologies that have been proven by the market and used for many years.
1) Electronic metering technology and equipment In the 1980s, the power supply department urgently needed a device that automatically monitors and records grid data in order to monitor the quality of the power supply and improve the quality of the power supply. Due to the rapid development of microelectronic technology and communication technology, on-site monitoring and remote transmission of electric power supply systems have been realized. In 1997, the then Ministry of Power Industry (now State Grid Corporation of China) promulgated two landmark standards DL / T614-1997 "Multi-function Energy Meter" and DL / T645-1997 "Multi-function Energy Meter Communication Protocol". After the promulgation of these two standards, the multi-function watt-hour meter immediately became a mass-produced product, which has been widely used in the power industry and large factories and mines. It has been 10 years since then, and the electronic multi-function energy meter has become a mature product for monitoring grid parameters. The simplified three-phase watt-hour meter with RS485 interface is cheap and realizes basic power collection. It is most suitable for power monitoring of mobile base stations.
2) Remote data transmission technology and equipment The mobile company has its own communication resources, and it is the most advanced wireless network communication resource GSM / GPRS mobile communication network. GPRS wireless data transmission network has a history of nearly 10 years of development. At present, both the technology and products are very mature.
3) Data processing software system This data processing software system refers to the software system installed in the monitoring server of the central monitoring room, and all the functions of the system must be finally displayed through this software. So as far as the whole system is concerned, this software system is the core.
In summary, the technology and equipment required for the power supply monitoring system of mobile base stations are mature and can fully meet the requirements of mobile companies.
Therefore, a remote mobile base station automatic power supply monitoring system is both necessary and possible.
The role of management after the system is built
1. Information can be shared in real time After the system is built, the data is stored in the company, and all personnel of the company can query the relevant base station power consumption information within the scope of authority set by the system.
2. Managers can monitor the work of the executive layer at any time
3. The executive layer can monitor and understand the power consumption of the base station in real time
4. Realize the transfer of electricity bills and reduce management costs. After the system is built, the system can automatically form the monthly electricity data that is copied into a monthly report. For non-electricity users, mobile operators can provide this month according to the system. The contact number of the payee of monthly electricity and electricity bills is in the following format by SMS:
"* * * Users: * * * Number of meter readings of the base station this month * * *, electricity consumption of this month * * *, electricity bill of this month * * *, our company will remit the money to your account before ** day, Please check and check. "
Notify the payee that if no objections are received, the money will be paid to the payee by transfer. For power users, through negotiation to strive to achieve interface with their marketing system, according to the data provided by the built system every month, regularly transfer money to the power company to use electricity management work to truly be true, accurate, low cost and high efficiency.
5. Base station power management responsibility and target reform the existing power management model, and the pure meter reading settlement is an anti-theft electricity audit. Due to the realization of remote meter reading, a large number of management personnel are saved, and this part of people Redistribute the work, implement the management model of slicing the base station power management work to people, responsibility to people, and target to people, and require them to make detailed analysis and judgment on the base station's power consumption according to the data provided by the system, and discover the theft in time Abnormal situation of electricity and base station electricity consumption. Really save energy and reduce consumption, and ensure that the base station uses electricity safely and reasonably.
2. System composition: 
(System Topology)
System construction content
1. The electric meter transformation adopts the electronic electric energy meter with RS485 communication interface. (It is recommended to use Ruishen's customized smart meter for base station).
2. Construct the main station of the energy consumption management system with the workstations set up by the county bureaus with the city bureau as the center.
3. Each base station installs a computer room power management terminal (RS5011G) to complete the copying of the electricity meters of each base station.
Technical Realization of Electricity Information Collection and Management System for Mobile Base Station
1. Design Plan
1) Adopt the watt-hour meter with RS485 interface as the basic data acquisition device
2) Adopt GPRS network as remote data transmission network
3) RS5011G power remote meter reading terminal constitutes mobile base station electricity information collection management system
4) Use always-on mode to improve the real-time performance of the system
5) Use professional tailor-made system software
6) The operation mode of combining base station active alarm and meter reading in the central monitoring room requires the installation of an energy monitoring server in the central monitoring room. This server can use a fixed IP address or dynamic domain name resolution, or a VPN dedicated line. (Energy management) software is installed on the energy monitoring server.
Install a set of RS5011G and several multi-function meters in each base station. Use RS485 two-core twisted pair to connect multiple meters in parallel with RS5011G.
The three-phase electricity meter monitors the accumulated energy in real time and stores it in the memory in the meter, which can be provided to the terminal at any time. The terminal reads the meter cyclically every 3 minutes, and at the same time the terminal reads the power failure status sensor and processes the read data. The system management machine cyclically scans each terminal to read data. When the data is in a power outage state, it alarms in time.
The terminal hangs on the GPRS network in an always-on way. Just like a local area network, it can be immediately connected to the server at any time. It uses the TCP / IP protocol to send and receive data. In addition, the server can monitor whether each terminal is online at any time.
After the zero point of each day, the terminal regularly copies the frozen data of the usage of the day (the so-called frozen data refers to the electricity data recorded by the electricity meter at a specific time. Whenever the meter is read, it is the data at that time, not real-time data. There can be accurate time intervals. For example, the electricity consumption from the 23rd is the electricity consumption from the zero on the 23rd to the 24th on the 23rd.) And stored.
The electric energy monitoring server in the central monitoring room can communicate with the terminal regularly through metering to achieve regular meter reading, and record the daily electric energy consumption data, split-phase average power, indoor temperature, and store them in the database.
The role of the power monitoring server in the central monitoring room is to display alarm conditions, manage and monitor the working status of the entire system, settlement, and query of historical data.
According to the situation of technical exchange, it is determined that the electricity meter installed by the Electricity Bureau needs to be retained. Then, it is necessary to connect the power meter for monitoring and the power meter installed by the Electric Power Bureau in series. Of course, there will be measurement errors between the two meters in this installation method.
The base station energy monitoring equipment consists of several multi-function meters and a remote monitoring terminal. The multi-function electric meter is installed in series behind the electric meter of the Electric Power Bureau, and the terminal and the monitoring electric meter are connected through the RS485 bus. The terminal obtains data from the monitoring meter and sends it to the server.
The terminal comes with an emergency backup battery. When a power failure occurs, the backup battery supplies power and sends out the power failure signal in time. After the transmission is completed, the terminal automatically enters the sleep state. There is no need to collect data because of the power outage. When the city power comes in, the terminal starts and immediately sends an incoming signal to the system. Notify the system that power supply has returned to normal.
3. System software:
1. System login platform The system has perfect operation management functions. In order to ensure the safety of the system, the system must enter the work number and password, and the system can only be allowed to enter the system for operation after being confirmed by the system.
2. Equipment management (1) Base station letter management includes: base station name, base station address, administrative area, department, base station addition time and other information management.
(2) Meter reading terminal management includes: terminal address, terminal name, terminal addition time, affiliated base station, terminal status and other information management.
(3) Electric meter management includes: terminal name, electric meter address, electric meter name, electric meter model, electric price unit price, power supply type, manufacturer, electric meter agreement, electric meter adding time and other information management.
(4) Timing meter reading setting: 1 terminal can be connected to 4 meters at the same time, and the 4 points of each meter can be stored in whole points and the whole point storage time can be set, even if a network failure is encountered, the data can be guaranteed Lost.
3. Meter reading management: Meter data: You can query the terminals under any base station according to the time period, and all the timer meter parameters of the meter under any terminal are convenient for the base station administrator to detect the power consumption in each period.
4. Alarm page displays all terminal alarm information according to time: including terminal address, alarm number, channel type, current value, normal value, alarm time, reading status, reading personnel and other information, which is convenient for base station personnel to deal with equipment room faults in time and accurately.
5. Statistical analysis The electric meter of the terminal under the base station can be displayed intuitively according to time (hour, day, month, etc.) and browsing mode (icon, table, Excel, etc.) to facilitate statistical analysis by base station managers.
6. System setting The system can set the administrative area, company management, department management, position setting, role management, work number management, etc., and set different levels of work numbers and passwords to limit the operation range of different personnel.
Fourth, the functions and features of the system:
1. Safe and reliable: Security consists of three aspects:
1) ORACLE database is a large-scale, multi-user database, it has high security, allows multiple users to use the same database at the same time without destroying the integrity, using it as the data engine of the meter reading system can ensure data security;
2) The system implements a hierarchical authorization management function for users. By checking the user's name and authorization password, the user is given the corresponding operation rights. The password management mode of the banking system is used to restrict unrelated personnel from changing the database and hardware settings.
3) Firewall function and perfect data backup function to prevent the system from being attacked by malicious people. The data backup function ensures that when the hardware system fails, the meter reading system can be started at any time on the new hardware equipment without loss of data.
2. Perfect system log: The system log records the operations of entering the system, leaving the system, charging, setting hardware, changing operating parameters, etc. and the operator, operating time, and any operations that change the database are recorded.
3. Fast meter reading speed: fast meter reading and accurate data. The data of the PC read-only collector during meter reading. The data transmission adopts 1200 baud rate. The transmission speed is fast, and the code is validated for each data block to ensure the transmission. Accuracy.
4. Broadcast time synchronization function: This function makes the time reference of all energy meters in the system consistent with the PC. After the time synchronization is successful, the internal clock of the energy meter powered by the battery no longer requires the intervention of the PC. Therefore, as long as it is ensured that the time of the PC is correct at the right time, in the future, changing the clock of the PC will not affect the time of the energy meter during operation.
5. Automatic meter reading function: According to the set meter reading start time and meter reading interval, when the scheduled meter reading time is reached, the system will dial in sequence to read the data in the collector or meter. If the data cannot be copied, the system will automatically make up the copy or manually issue the command to make up the copy.
6. Power freezing function: It is easy to define the total table, install and delete the total table, and assign sub-tables to the total table. By installing an appropriate general meter and combining the function of copying frozen data, the total meter reading at a specific moment can be obtained, and the readings of the sub-meters (from which the reading is obtained) can calculate the power loss of a certain part of the circuit Provide a basis for determining electricity costs.
7. Electricity fee management function: Before the electricity fee is collected, the electricity fee data is uniformly copied once. After making sure that the data in the database reflects the most recent meter reading, use the functions in the program to automatically calculate the current electricity consumption and electricity charges for the month. When paying the electricity bill, just enter the user number, and the electricity consumption and electricity bill of the month are filled in by the program. Each electricity bill has detailed records for easy reconciliation.
8. Equipment management functions, such as alarms: unpacking alarm, power failure alarm, reverse phase alarm, over-temperature alarm, overload alarm, tilt or mobile alarm, etc .; control: pull the brake on users who are in arrears. And provide data protection function of power outage, meter reading and monitoring can still be done within 48-72 hours of power outage. This system is combined with the mobile company's short message platform. When an alarm is issued, it can send a short message to the relevant management personnel according to the specific content.
V. Summary:
For mobile companies, base station meter reading has always been a very headache, requiring a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. Because of the large number and scattered geographical location, it brings great inconvenience to the staff. Use Xiamen Ruishen RS5011G remote meter reading integrated terminal for monitoring, automatically read relevant data and analyze it, and further perform remote control or equipment maintenance, which can reduce human resources, shorten maintenance time and save dedicated line construction costs.