Localization of coal gasifiers needs engineering support

Coal gasification technology is the basis for the development of coal-based chemicals (ammonia, methanol, dimethyl ether, etc.), coal-based liquid fuels, advanced IGCC power generation, polygeneration systems, hydrogen production, fuel cells and other process industries, and belongs to these industries. The key technologies, leading technologies and common technologies.

The relevant experts of the China Federation of Machinery Industry told the reporter that as the core of the new coal gasification technology, the coal gasifier has a complex structure, is difficult to manufacture and has a long construction period, and is a representative of the high-end products of pressure vessels.

“As the core and key equipment of coal gasification process, coal gasifiers, despite their different gasification methods, are all products with complex equipment structure, high material requirements, high precision requirements, and high quality requirements,” said relevant person in the China Chemical Equipment Association. .

Dalian Jinzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. technical personnel told reporters that coal gasification technology includes preparation of coal, gasification furnace, gasification process after the three parts. However, in many equipments, coal gasifiers contain a large number of cutting-edge technologies and they are the most representative among coal chemical complete sets of equipment and occupy an important position. However, China's coal gasifier technology is relatively weak and its rapid development is a matter of recent years.

For a long time, when building coal chemical projects in China, core equipment such as coal gasifiers must rely on imports. It is alleged that the shell of a Shell coal gasifier will cost more than 300 million yuan. Not only is the cost high, it also leads to the control of the core technology.

The lack of mature coal gasifier technology in China has led to the introduction of a large number of various foreign gasifier technologies. This has caused Chinese companies to take huge amounts of money while also undertaking huge risks: China has not only become a variety of gasifiers. The "testing field" of technology, and even if it is a technology that has matured abroad, there will be problems of "imperfection of water and soil" in China because of coal quality and other factors.

Accelerating localization as a matter of urgency Ni Weidou, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a professor at Tsinghua University, predicts that by 2020, China’s demand for coal gasifiers will exceed 2,000 units, making it the largest gasifier market in the world. Accelerating the localization of gasifier equipment and accelerating the breakthrough of independent intellectual property core technology has become an urgent task.

It is understood that China has introduced coal gasification technology since the 1980s. In 1991, the first Texaco gasifier introduced in China was manufactured in China, which also became the starting point for localization of coal gasifiers.

For a long time, the processing and manufacturing of domestic coal gasifiers has been undertaken by some state-owned machinery and equipment companies established in the 1950s and 1960s. For example, Texaco coal gasifiers are mainly manufactured by Dalian Jinzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. and Harbin Boiler Works. The Lurgi coal gasifiers are mainly manufactured by Dalian Jinzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. and Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Group. Shell gasifier shells are mainly It is manufactured by Dalian Jinzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Machinery Factory, Hunan Xiangdong Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd., and Harbin Boiler Works.

In recent years, some privately-owned and joint ventures have increased their equipment manufacturing levels, and they have gradually acquired the capability to manufacture new types of coal gasifiers in terms of production qualifications, quality assurance systems, production sites, production and testing equipment, etc., becoming a gasifier processing and manufacturing industry. Rookie.

According to industry sources, the processing and manufacturing of coal gasifiers is a reflection of the comprehensive capabilities of the hardware and software of mechanical equipment companies. At present, there are only a dozen mechanical equipment companies that have the ability to manufacture and produce coal gasifiers in China.

Wuhuan Technology Co., Ltd. related parties, at present, the domestic coal gasifier manufacturing level and there is still a certain gap between foreign countries. For example, shell coal gasifiers can only process and manufacture shells at home, and internal parts have not yet been manufactured locally.

In the eyes of people in the industry, what is more important is that although China can process and manufacture some types of coal gasifiers, most of them do not have the relevant core technologies.

Major project application support is indispensable Tsinghua University Thermal Engineering Institute of experts told reporters that the gasification method of coal gasifier is not the same, the requirements for manufacturing are not the same, the level of requirements for equipment manufacturing companies are not the same. For example, coal gasifiers of 200 tons and 1,000 tons have different requirements for the lifting and lowering capabilities of lifting equipment.

It is understood that in recent years, China has increased research and development efforts in coal gasification technologies. Some domestic enterprises and scientific research institutions have developed new types of gasifiers, such as multi-nozzle opposed gasifiers developed by East China University of Science and Technology, and developed by Tsinghua University. Water-wall coal-water slurry gasifier, aerospace coal gasification gasifier, etc. These are representatives of advanced coal gasification technology and equipment independently developed by China.

“At present, new coal chemical demonstration projects, such as coal-to-oil, coal-to-natural gas, coal-to-olefin, and coal-to-ethylene glycol, are currently under way. They could have provided a platform for gasifier equipment, but they are currently under construction and put into production. For the most part, gasifiers are still imported,” an industry source revealed.

In fact, in order to promote the localization of major coal chemical equipment, as early as in 2008, the Ministry of Finance issued the “Circular on the Adjustment of Large Coal Chemical Equipment, Key Components, and Raw Material Import Taxation Policy”, but it still cannot block importation abroad. The pace of the product.

A person in charge of a coal chemical equipment manufacturing company told the reporter that, compared to the lack of technology, domestic coal gasifiers are still lacking in the inspection of large-scale industrial applications. "Many technical equipments are continuously tested and perfected in the application, and there is no support for large-project and large-scale projects. It is difficult for China-made gasifier technology and equipment to achieve a qualitative leap."