Stepper motor synchronous vector servo system-Solutions-华强电子网

Single chip microcomputer STM32L151CCU6

Mobile phone crystal 3.2*2.5mm 3225 26M (26.000MHZ) 7.5PF 10PPM 20PPM 30PPM

Probe current voltage pin 420*4450 head diameter 5.0 over current current and voltage pin

SMD aluminum electrolytic capacitor

Inductance

Various types of motors, including linear motors, can be understood as the result of interaction between the stator and rotor magnetic fields. These two fields remain relatively static but differ in their working angle. In DC motors, the stator generates a fixed magnetic field, while the rotor’s field is perpendicular to it. In asynchronous motors, the stator creates a rotating magnetic field that induces a current in the rotor, forming a magnetic field that follows the stator field at an approximate 90° angle. Synchronous motors also use a rotating stator field, but the rotor is magnetized with DC, allowing it to rotate in sync with the stator field at a 0° angle. Stepper motors, whether reactive or hybrid, are essentially synchronous motors without external excitation. When the stator field is activated, the rotor aligns with it, maintaining a 0° angle, which corresponds to the position of minimum reluctance. If the synchronization angle exceeds half the step angle, the motor may lose its step. The traditional driving methods for stepper motors generate pulsating rotating magnetic fields in the stator, leading to issues like low-speed oscillation, resonance, and poor precision. These limitations hinder the performance of servo systems designed for high-precision applications. To address these challenges, a new concept called the "synchronous vector operation mode" was introduced, leading to the development of the SV series stepping motor's synchronous vector servo system. This system operates on the principle of generating a uniform rotating magnetic field in the stator, enabling smooth and precise motion. For example, in a three-phase stepper motor, the stator field rotates uniformly, creating a constant magnitude magnetic field. By mathematically modeling the phase currents, the system ensures that the magnetic field vectors are evenly distributed across the motor’s circumference. This results in a more stable and efficient operation compared to traditional stepping modes. The SV series system includes components such as a function generator, power driver, and protection circuit. The function generator uses a discrete signal to control the phase current waveform, ensuring accurate magnetic field generation. The power driver employs PWM technology to drive the motor windings efficiently, while the power supply adjusts voltage based on the motor’s size and speed requirements. Protection circuits safeguard against overvoltage, short circuits, and overcurrent, enhancing system reliability. In practical applications, the SV series system significantly improves resolution and control accuracy. For instance, using N=90, the number of synthetic magnetic field points increases, allowing for finer control. When connected to a 6mm pitch screw, each pulse displacement is minimized, improving open-loop accuracy. At high speeds, the motor maintains stability due to the smooth current waveform, reducing oscillation and resonance. Additionally, the system supports closed-loop control, further enhancing precision. By replacing the internal winding with a three-phase AC configuration, the motor can operate as a sinusoidal AC motor, reducing the peak current required. This approach optimizes performance while maintaining efficiency. In conclusion, the SV series stepping motor system offers a significant improvement over traditional designs by eliminating the "stepping" limitation and enabling smoother, more precise motion. While theoretical resolution can be infinite, practical constraints such as material nonlinearity and manufacturing tolerances limit actual performance. Future improvements should focus on enhancing magnetic field uniformity and increasing torque density to support even higher performance levels.