LED: Star of Hope - China's LED Industry Development and Prospects

Domestic LED industry characteristics

The upstream industry is a technology-intensive industry with high investment intensity, difficult process control technology, and low employment. At present, the status quo of upstream industries in China is mainly due to the participation of many units. The main units include the Institute of Semiconductors of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 13th Institute of Electronics of Shijiazhuang, Peking University, Tsinghua University, Nanchang University, Shenzhen University, Xiamen Sanan, Dalian. Lu Ming, Shi Lanwei, Shanghai Blu-ray, Shanghai Lanbao, Jiangxi Lianchuang, Hebei Lide, Shandong Huaguang, etc.; the current problem is not that the participating units are large, but these participating units (especially research institutes) want to establish The production capacity of the company is not large at the initial stage. The entire industry seems to have scattered resources and no scale. Moreover, because the research institutes want to build their own production capacity and are excluded from the technical output, they need time to industrialize and build small-scale production capacity. After the rise, the world's technology has new developments, and it can't keep up. In fact, the breakthroughs of scientific research units at a certain time may only be a certain part of the industrial technology chain, and the overall industrialization conditions are not yet available. All the technologies in the field are breaking through, but the industrialization efficiency is very low. After a few years, it has fallen behind and has to catch up. Many research institutes are implementing the industrialization of the "863" plan, but some domestic "863" plan results are advanced in China, but they are not first-class in the world, or internationally advanced, but the scale of industrialization of a single project is not It must be done to a large extent, and it is dragged down by the market. Therefore, blindly implementing industrialization rather than transferring or authorizing enterprises with greater promotion will lead to the demise of time-consuming technology, which will only delay the development of the domestic industry. Therefore, domestic enterprises should change their concepts. If they have results, they do not necessarily have to industrialize themselves to realize their value. On the other hand, public research institutes should learn from the model of Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute and actively develop technology to cultivate technical talents for the industry. The technical achievements are timely authorized to be transferred to enterprises, especially those enterprises with strong competitiveness. The research institutions will not be dragged down by the industrialization process, and the industry research results will be effectively integrated. Here, the government should make some regulations to promote the healthy and rapid development of the industry.

Second, compared with the international advanced level, the overall brightness, luminous efficiency, antistatic ability, anti-leakage capability and quality control level of the general chip are still far from the international manufacturers. This is not a very ugly thing for domestic enterprises. The world's only five giants have the best technology. The five giants also have their own advantages. Other peripheral companies are tracking, and they do not affect their industrialization process. The key is the follow-up research and development efficiency.

Third, there are few enterprises that can meet the needs of the market and have large-scale production. The chips required for packaging are especially high-end chips. The high-end blue-green chips and quaternary chips are imported from Cree and HP, and the high-end blue-green chips and four. The yuan chip is imported from AXT (a subsidiary of Dalian Luming Group), UOE, Taiwan Jingyuan, and Korean companies. At present, Dalian Lumei, Xiamen Sanan and Hangzhou Silan Micro have made breakthroughs and are constantly approaching overseas high-end technology.

The downstream packaging industry began to develop in the 1960s and 1970s. The traditional lead-type LED packaging technology has been relatively mature. However, the packaging of new LEDs including Chip LED, Top LED and Power LED started shortly, and some equipment and technical problems still need to be overcome. . Due to the traditional LED package, the investment intensity of the equipment is moderate (depending on the automation level of the production line and the accuracy of the equipment). When the quality requirements of the product are not high, the manual can be operated, so it attracts a group of individuals and private enterprises to enter. There are hundreds of packages in the country. Enterprises, especially in the Pearl River Delta region, are dense, but the scale is relatively small. From the aspects of packaging technology level, product quality level, equipment automation level and production scale, at present, the overall gap between mid-stream industrial technology and foreign countries is not big. Except Power LED, other forms of LEDs can be mass-produced by enterprises. The equipment and raw materials used are basically the same as those in foreign countries, but the scale is huge compared with the large foreign companies. For example, Chip LED, the combined capacity of mainland enterprises is not as much as one tenth of the capacity of a company in Japan Citizen.

Domestic LED packaging materials and accessories have strong supporting capabilities. Except for some materials, most of the materials are provided in China, mainly including gold wire, silicon aluminum wire, epoxy resin, silica gel, silver glue, conductive adhesive, bracket, strip and plastic sealing material, packaging mold and fixture. A certain scale of industrial chain has been formed.

In terms of phosphors for white LED packaging, there are dozens of domestic R&D and manufacturing companies. The research units include Beijing Nonferrous Metals Institute, Department of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Changchun Institute of Physics. These units have carried out research in recent years to improve the photoexcitation efficiency and anti-light decay performance of yellow phosphors, and have achieved good results. At the same time, the development of red phosphors and ultraviolet light to excite trichromatic phosphors has played a positive role in promoting the development of domestic white LEDs.

At present, there are more than 100 enterprises involved in the downstream. The products mainly include lawn lamps, buried lights, contour lights, spot lights, landscape lights, car lights, etc. Among them, LED and solar energy combine to produce a large class of products. However, the downstream industry is currently in the early stage of development, with a variety of products and lack of unified industry standards; the combination of LED and other technologies, such as control technology, power technology, solar technology, etc., needs further improvement; low quality, low price, vicious competition The seed began to appear.

It is worth mentioning that after years of development, China's LED display manufacturers have a strong strength, although with DAK, Lighthouse, Darco and other well-known display manufacturers competition, but domestic LED display manufacturers still occupy the domestic market Most of the shares have already emerged in China, such as Shanghai Sansi, Beijing Liad, Xi'an Qingsong and other outstanding enterprises. The domestic display market has absorbed a large part of the chip production capacity, which has played an important role in promoting the development of the domestic upper and middle reaches.